CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLAY OF THE CHELYABINSK REGION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC BUILDING MATERIALS

Abstract

The article describes general regularities of the impact of the clay raw materials chemical
composition on the quality of construction ceramics. Mineral composition of raw materials is the
importance factor for its appropriate application in the production of building materials. The raw
material base of the Chelyabinsk region has been studied, the main deposits have been identified.
The mineralogical composition of the clay raw materials of the main deposits of the Chelyabinsk
region has been studied with the help of X-ray phase, thermal and chemical analysis. With the
help of X-ray phase analysis, the qualitative mineralogical composition of the samples has been
determined. According to the obtained thermal analysis data, the quantity of basic clay mineral
(kaolinite) is counted with the help of stoichiometric equations, and the crystallization temperature
of mullite is identified. The quantities of impurity oxides have been found by means
of chemical analysis. Direct dependence of the mullite production temperature on its quantity in
raw materials has not been revealed. Therefore, the need for knowledge about the structure of raw
materials is important.
On the basis of the data obtained, conclusions were drawn on the diversity of the clay composition
presented in the region, the individual approach to clay processing technology in the production
of building ceramics and the need to develop a control system for the properties of ceramic
products based on understanding the composition and structure of clay raw materials.